Drive level and cue utilization in spontaneous alternation

proficiency level and factors fostering reticence in efl learners

according to cheng (1999), in recent esl/efl literature, asian (especially east asian) learners of english as a foreign/second language have been arguably reported as reticent and passive learners. the most common allegations are that these students are reluctant to participate in classroom discourse; they are unwilling to give responses; they do not ask questions; and they are passive and over...

Spontaneous Alternation Behavior in Human Neutrophils

Spontaneous speech imitation and cue primacy

This study investigates the influence of cue primacy on spontaneous speech imitation by speakers of Seoul Korean. In Seoul Korean, at least two distinct acoustic cues, stop VOT and f0 of the post-stop vowel, differentiate aspirated stops from other phonation types. Previous studies have shown that English speakers imitate extended VOTs of voiceless stops both in immediate shadowing [12] and del...

Depth cue combination in spontaneous eye movements.

Where we look when we scan visual scenes is an old question that continues to inspire both fundamental and applied research. Recently, it has been reported that depth is an important variable in driving eye movements: the directions of spontaneous saccades tend to follow depth gradients, or, equivalently, surface tilts (L. Jansen, S. Onat, & P. König, 2009; M. Wexler & N. Ouarti, 2008). This ha...

Basal Ganglia Beta Oscillations Accompany Cue Utilization

Beta oscillations in cortical-basal ganglia (BG) circuits have been implicated in normal movement suppression and motor impairment in Parkinson's disease. To dissect the functional correlates of these rhythms we compared neural activity during four distinct variants of a cued choice task in rats. Brief beta (∼20 Hz) oscillations occurred simultaneously throughout the cortical-BG network, both s...